Supporters of the Mesa de la Unidad (MUD) political party cheer during a closing campaign rally in Caracas, Venezuela, Wednesday, Dec. 2, 2015. The Dec. 6 ballot for Venezuelan congressional elections has more than two dozen parties competing in a contest that represents the stiffest challenge in 16 years for Venezuela’s ruling socialist party. (AP Photo/Ariana Cubillos)

CARACAS, Venezuela (AP) — Venezuelans are stockpiling food and putting off plans as the South American country brims with excitement and dread ahead of elections that could hand the opposition control of congress for the first time since 1998.

A loss would end a 17-year chain of electoral victories that the socialist movement founded by Hugo Chavez has often used to defend itself against allegations that it’s undemocratic.

Polls show the opposition coalition holding a 30 point lead, buoyed by voters defecting from the socialist party because of high crime, widespread shortages and triple-digit inflation.

That puts it within grasping distance of a two-thirds congressional majority, an outcome that would breathe life into threats to recall Chavez’s heir, President Nicolas Maduro, and back up claims that his party’s mandate is crumbling. The socialists currently hold 99 of Venezuela’s 167 legislative seats.

It’s also possible government opponents could win the popular vote by a landslide, but fail to gain that super-majority due to a voting system that favors less populated rural districts over opposition-leaning urban areas.

Opposition leaders warning that a loss Sunday would amount to proof that the government committed vote fraud. Maduro’s allies, meanwhile, ridicule the opposition for appearing to take a victory lap before ballots have been cast.

At a weekend rally, Maduro shouted that he would “never surrender the revolution.”

“If the hard-core right-wingers win on Dec. 6, prepare for chaos, violence and protests that overwhelm this country,” he said.

The mounting tension has spilled into violence, with opposition candidates complaining of armed men surrounding their caravans and beating their aides.

The fatal shooting of an opposition politician at a campaign rally last week increased already high levels of anxiety. Many Venezuelans are putting their lives on hold until after Election Day, delaying business travel, putting off decisions and even holding back on taking cars in for repairs. On Saturday, shoppers with hand trucks mobbed a trading center where black market goods are sold, saying they were stockpiling pantry items just in case.

The socialist party, which has won every national election except a 2007 constitutional referendum that would have expanded Chavez’s powers, is trying hard to project a sense of electoral invincibility. “Seventeen years of victory,” runs one ad tagline.

Some of its tactics, including barring prominent opponents from running and handing out goodies like Chinese-made tablet computers, have drawn rebukes from the U.S. and other foreign governments who say the playing field is tilted.

“We see these tricks with every election, but this year they’ve turned up the volume,” said Luis Lander, director of the non-partisan watchdog group Venezuela Electoral Observatory.

Unlike past Venezuelan elections, which drew legitimacy from international monitoring, the only foreign delegation looking on this time is from the Union of South American Nations, a regional bloc that critics say lacks the experience and objectivity to mediate any messy fight over results.

The ruling party is doing all it can to tap into the deep love many Venezuelans still feel for Chavez, widely seen as the first leader to share the country’s oil bounty with the masses. On Sunday, some voters will cast ballots in polling centers called “Pure Blood of Chavez” and “Chavez’s Genius.”

Government supporter Martha Rivera, an architect, is nervous that relinquishing control of the Assembly would doom Chavez’s programs. “They’ll use their foothold to stage a coup,” she said. “We’d lose all the social advances we’ve made.”

The opposition has a totemic figure of its own: politician Leopoldo Lopez, who was sentenced to more than a decade in prison in connection with a wave of anti-government protests in 2014. His hand-written notes from jail feature in opposition ads and his declarations are read out by his wife at campaign rallies.

If the opposition wins, it will try to free Lopez and other leaders it considers political prisoners. The coalition has also promised to force Maduro to loosen his grip on institutions like the Supreme Court and National Electoral Council. And a hardline wing would push for a presidential recall campaign.

Mostly, the coalition is focusing on anger with the ruling party.

That discontent is evident even in socialist strongholds like Caucaguita, a hilltop neighborhood of zinc-roofed shacks in Caracas. There, the opposition is pressing to capture a district now represented by the wife of the National Assembly’s powerful leader, Diosdado Cabello.

Hairdresser Jesus Toledo is among the Caucaguita residents planning to vote against the socialist party for the first time because of quality of life issues, including lack of running water and inconsistent electricity. He had been campaigning for the opposition, but says he stopped after a fellow organizer was killed in what some neighbors believe was political retaliation.

His neighbor Marta Pacheco continues to campaign despite fears for her safety.

“Chavez helped me a lot. I certainly can’t deny it,” she said in the small, tidy apartment she shares with her eight children and grandchildren. “But I have to take a stand now for my family’s future.”

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Associated Press writer Fabiola Sanchez contributed to this report.

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Hannah Dreier is on Twitter: twitter.com/hannahdreier. Her work can be found at bigstory.ap.org/content/hannah-dreier.